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Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute

Hampton University
Hampton University Seal.png
Former names
Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute
Hampton Institute
Motto "The Standard of Excellence, An Education for Life"
Type Private, HBCU
Established April 1, 1868 (1868-04-01)
Affiliation None (formerly, American Missionary Association)
Endowment $263.2 million
President William R. Harvey
Students 4,646
Undergraduates 3,836
Postgraduates 810
Location Hampton, Virginia, U.S.
37°01′19″N 76°20′10″W / 37.022°N 76.336°W / 37.022; -76.336Coordinates: 37°01′19″N 76°20′10″W / 37.022°N 76.336°W / 37.022; -76.336
Campus Suburban, 314 acres (1.27 km2)
Colors Reflex Blue & White          
Athletics NCAA Division I FCS
Nickname Pirates
Affiliations MEAC
MAISA
Website www.hamptonu.edu
Hampton University Logo
Hampton Institute
Hampton University is located in Virginia
Hampton University
Hampton University is located in the US
Hampton University
Location NW of jct. of U.S. 60 and the Hampton Roads Bridge Tunnel, Hampton, Virginia
Coordinates 37°01′13″N 76°35′40″W / 37.0203°N 76.5945°W / 37.0203; -76.5945
Area 314 acres (127 ha)
Built 1866 (1866)
Architect Richard Morris Hunt; Et al.
NRHP Reference # 69000323
VLR # 114-0006
Significant dates
Added to NRHP November 12, 1969
Designated NHLD May 30, 1974
Designated VLR September 9, 1969

Hampton University (also HU, or Home by the Sea) is a private historically black university located in Hampton, Virginia, United States. It was founded in 1868 by black and white leaders of the American Missionary Association after the American Civil War to provide education to freedmen. In 1878, it established a program for teaching Native Americans, which lasted until 1923.

The campus looking south across the harbor of Hampton Roads was founded on the grounds of "Little Scotland", a former plantation in Elizabeth City County not far from Fortress Monroe and the Grand Contraband Camp that gathered nearby. These facilities represented freedom to former slaves, who sought refuge with Union forces during the first year of the war.

The American Missionary Association (AMA) responded in 1861 to the former slaves' need for education by hiring its first teacher, Mary Smith Peake, who had secretly been teaching slaves and free blacks in the area despite the state's prohibition in law. She first taught for the AMA on September 17, 1861 and was said to gather her pupils under a large oak. After the tree was the site of the first reading in the former Confederate states of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, it was called the Emancipation Oak. The tree, now a symbol of the university and of the city, is part of the National Historic Landmark District at Hampton University.


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