HMS Adventure (1771)
Resolution and Adventure with fishing craft in Matavai Bay by William Hodges, painted 1776, shows the two ships at anchor in Tahiti.
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| History | |
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 United Kingdom
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| Name: | Marquis of Rockingham |
| Owner: | Captain William Hammond, of Hull |
| Builder: | Fishburn yard, Whitby |
| Launched: | 1769, or 1770 |
| Fate: | Sold to Royal Navy, November 1771 |
 United Kingdom
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| Name: | HMS Raleigh |
| Operator: | Royal Navy |
| Acquired: | 27 November 1771 |
| Renamed: | HMS Adventure (25 December 1771) |
| Fate: | sold to original owner in May 1783 |
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United Kingdom
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| Name: | Adventure |
| Owner: | Captain William Hammond, of Hull |
| Acquired: | May 1783 by purchase |
| Fate: | Sunk in the Saint Lawrence River in May 1811 |
| General characteristics | |
| Tons burthen: | 336 41⁄94 (bm) |
| Length: |
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| Beam: | 28 ft 4 in (8.64 m) |
| Depth of hold: | 13 ft (4.0 m) |
| Propulsion: | Sail |
| Sail plan: | Barque |
| Range: | Limited only by water and provisions |
| Complement: | 80 |
| Armament: | 10 x 4-pounder guns + 8 x ½-pounder swivel guns |
HMS Adventure was a barque that the Royal Navy purchased in 1771. She had been the merchant vessel Marquis of Rockingham, launched in 1770 at Whitby. In naval service she sailed with Resolution on James Cook's second expedition to the Pacific in 1772–1775. She was the first ship to circumnavigate the globe from west to east. After her return she served as a store ship until 1779. The navy sold her in 1783 and she resumed a civilian career, but retaining the name Adventure. She was lost in May 1811.
She began her career as the North Sea collier Marquis of Rockingham, launched at Whitby in 1770.
Soon after his return from his first voyage in 1771, Commander Cook was commissioned by the Royal Society of London to make a second voyage in search of a supposed southern continent, Terra Australis Incognita. He arranged for the Navy to purchase two ships, the second and smaller of which was Marquis of Rockingham.
The Navy purchased her in 1771 and first named her Raleigh or Rayleigh, and then Adventure. The Navy commissioned her under Joseph Shank.
Cook was given the command of Resolution, with Commander Tobias Furneaux accompanying him in Adventure, having replaced Shank. Furneaux was an experienced explorer, having served on Samuel Wallis's circumnavigation in Dolphin in 1766–1768.
Resolution and Adventure left Plymouth on 13 July 1772 and on 17 January 1773 were the first European ships to cross the Antarctic Circle. On 8 February 1773 the two ships became separated in a fog and Furneaux directed Adventure towards the prearranged meeting point of Queen Charlotte Sound (New Zealand), charted by Cook in 1770.
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Wikipedia