H.P. Lovecraft's
| H. P. Lovecraft | |
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H. P. Lovecraft in June 1934
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| Born | Howard Phillips Lovecraft August 20, 1890 Providence, Rhode Island, U.S. |
| Died | March 15, 1937 (aged 46) Providence, Rhode Island, U.S. |
| Resting place | Swan Point Cemetery, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S. |
| Pen name | Lewis Theobald Humphrey Littlewit Ward Phillips Edward Softly |
| Occupation | Short story writer, editor, novelist, poet |
| Period | 1917–1937 |
| Genre | Dark fantasy, gothic fiction, horror fiction, science fiction, weird fiction |
| Literary movement | Cosmicism |
| Notable works | |
| Spouse | Sonia Greene (1924–1937) |
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Howard Phillips Lovecraft (/ˈlʌvkræft, -ˌkrɑːft/; August 20, 1890 – March 15, 1937) was an American author who achieved posthumous fame through his influential works of horror fiction. He was virtually unknown and published only in pulp magazines before he died in poverty, but he is now regarded as one of the most significant 20th-century authors in his genre. Lovecraft was born in Providence, Rhode Island, where he spent most of his life. Among his most celebrated tales are "The Call of Cthulhu" and "The Shadow over Innsmouth", both canonical to the Cthulhu Mythos. Lovecraft was never able to support himself from earnings as author and editor. He saw commercial success increasingly elude him in this latter period, partly because he lacked the confidence and drive to promote himself. He subsisted in progressively strained circumstances in his last years; an inheritance was completely spent by the time that he died at age 46.
Lovecraft was born on August 20, 1890 in his family home at 194 (later 456) Angell Street in Providence, Rhode Island (the house was demolished in 1961). He was the only child of Winfield Scott Lovecraft (1853–1898), a traveling salesman of jewelry and precious metals, and Sarah Susan Phillips Lovecraft (1857–1921), who could trace her ancestry to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1631. Both of his parents were of entirely English ancestry, and most of his ancestors had been in New England since the colonial period. His great-grandfather Joseph Lovecraft Jr. emigrated to Rochester, New York from Devon, England in 1831. Lovecraft's father, who became acutely psychotic in 1893 when Lovecraft was three, was placed in the Providence psychiatric institution of Butler Hospital where he remained until his death in 1898. Lovecraft maintained throughout his life that his father died in a condition of paralysis brought on by "nervous exhaustion." It has been suggested that his father's mental illness may have been caused by syphilis, but neither Lovecraft nor his mother (who also died in Butler Hospital) seem to have shown signs of being infected with the disease.
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