Gymnopus dryophilus
| Gymnopus dryophilus | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Phylum: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Basidiomycetes |
| Subclass: | Agaricomycetidae |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Marasmiaceae |
| Genus: | Gymnopus |
| Species: | G. dryophilus |
| Binomial name | |
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Gymnopus dryophilus (Bull.) Murrill (1916) |
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| Synonyms | |
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Agaricus dryophilus |
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| Gymnopus dryophilus | |
|---|---|
| Mycological characteristics | |
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gills on hymenium |
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cap is convex |
 
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hymenium is adnexed or free |
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stipe is bare |
 
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spore print is white to cream |
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ecology is saprotrophic |
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edibility: edible |
Agaricus dryophilus
Collybia aquosa var. dryophila
Collybia dryophila
Collybia dryophila var. alvearis
Collybia dryophila var. aurata
Marasmius dryophilus
Marasmius dryophilus var. alvearis
Marasmius dryophilus var. auratus
Omphalia dryophilus
hymenium is adnexed
spore print is white
Gymnopus dryophilus is a mushroom commonly found in temperate woodlands of Europe and North America. It is generally saprophytic, but occasionally also attacks living wood. It belongs to section Levipedes of the genus, being characterized by a smooth stem having no hairs at the base (in contrast to section Vestipedes). Until recently it was most frequently known as Collybia dryophila.
The cap is 2–5 centimetres (0.79–1.97 in) in diameter, convex, and russet to ochre. The gills, which are only thinly attached to the stem, are whitish and crowded, and the spore powder is white. The bald stem is up to 8 centimetres (3.1 in) long by 4 mm in diameter.
Microscopically the spores are 6×3 µm in size and slightly tear-shaped, there are lobed club-shapedcystidia (15-50 µm × 2-6 µm), and the hyphae on the cap cuticle can also have lobes. It is contended that G. dryophilus in fact consists of a complex of different species and that several new species (including G. brunneolus, G. earleae and G. subsulphureus) should be split off from it. However these species are not generally recognized at present.
This fungus is very common in northern hemisphere temperate woodlands (so much so that it is sometimes considered a "weed" mushroom). It fruits from April to December and is often seen when there are few other fungi in evidence. Although the Greek epithet dryophilus means "lover of oak trees", it is also found with other broad-leaved trees and with conifers.
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