Gungsong Gungtsen

Gungsong Gungtsen (Wylie: gung srong gung btsan) was the only known son of Songtsän Gampo (605 or 617? – 649), the first Tibetan Emperor.

Songtsän Gampo is said to have had five wives, the Nepalese princess Bhrikuti, and the Chinese Princess Wencheng, both devout Buddhists, are the best known, but he also married daughters of the King of Zhangzhung and the King of the Western Xia, as well as one each from the Ruyong and Mong (or Mang) clans (although other lists exist).

Gungsong Gungtsen was born to Mangza (or Mongsa) Tricham (Wylie: mang bza' khri lcham, mang bza' khri mo mnyen ldong steng), the noble woman from the Mang or Mong clan of Tölung (Wylie: stod lung), a valley to the west of Lhasa.

It seems most unlikely that Songtsän Gampo handed over power to his son after his marriage to Princess Wencheng in 641, as she was married to the ruling monarch and there is no mention of such an event in the Chinese or Tibetan Annals. If Gungsong Gungtsen was married and had a son before 641, he was most probably born sometime before 625.

He is traditionally said to have been born at a nine-storied palace known as the "Celestial Auspicious Mansion of Draglha", built by Bhrikuti to the south of Lhasa. It is said that a shrine and a stupa were then built by his father on a rocky mountain near Yerpa which resembled a seated image of Tara.

Some accounts say that when Gungsong Gungtsen reached the age of thirteen (twelve by Western reckoning), his father, Songtsän Gampo, retired and he then ruled the country for five years (which could have been the period when Songtsän Gampo was working on the constitution). Gungsong Gungtsen also married 'A-zha Mang-mo-rje when he was thirteen and they had a son, Mangsong Mangtsen (r. 650-676 CE). Gungsong Gungtsen is said to have only ruled for five years when he died at eighteen. His father, Songtsän Gampo, took the throne again. He is said to have been buried at Donkhorda, the site of the royal tombs, to the left of the tomb of his grandfather Namri Songtsen (gNam-ri Srong-btsan). The dates for these events are very unclear.

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