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Guelphs and Ghibellines

Guelph-Ghibelline wars
Part of Investiture Controversy
Guelfi e ghibellini.jpg
Painting of the Guelph and Ghibelline families, by Ottavio Baussano (Asti).
Date 1120s – 1320s
Location Italian Peninsula
Result Pacification between the two parties
Territorial
changes
Italian city-states and communes
Belligerents
Coat of Arms of Brunswick-Lüneburg.svg House of Welf
Supported by:
CoA Pontifical States 02.svg Papal States
CoA civ ITA milano.png Lombard League
Arms of the Kingdom of Naples.svg Kingdom of Naples
Arms of the Kings of France (France Ancien).svg Kingdom of France
Hohenstaufen family arms.svg House of Staufen
Supported by:
Shield and Coat of Arms of the Holy Roman Emperor (c.1300-c.1400).svg Holy Roman Empire
King Manfred of Sicily Arms.svg Kingdom of Sicily
Commanders and leaders
Coat of arms of the House of Este (1239).svg Azzo VII d'Este
Argent a chief gules.svg William VII of Montferrat
CoA civ ITA milano.png Guido da Landriano
CoA Pontifical States 02.svg Ottaviano degli Ubaldini
Blason famille it Montefeltro01.svg Guido I da Montefeltro
Arms of the Kingdom of Naples.svg Charles I of Naples
Armoiries empereurs Hohenstaufen.svg Frederick I Barbarossa
Armoiries Henri VII de Luxembourg.svg Henry VII
EzzdaRomcoa.jpg Ezzelino III da Romano
Arms of Sardinia.svg Enzo of Sardinia
King Manfred of Sicily Arms.svg Manfred of Sicily 
Units involved
Armies of the Papal States
Cities' guards
Army of the Holy Roman Empire
Cities' guards
Strength
Unknown Unknown

The Guelphs and Ghibellines (/ɡwɛlfs/; /ˈɡɪblnz/, also US /ˈɡɪbəlnz/, /ˈɡɪbələnz/; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡɡibelˈliːni]) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy. During the 12th and 13th centuries, rivalry between these two parties formed a particularly important aspect of the internal politics of medieval Italy. The struggle for power between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire had arisen with the Investiture Controversy, which began in 1075 and ended with the Concordat of Worms in 1122. The division between the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Italy, however, persisted until the 15th century.


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