Gregory XVI
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Pope Gregory XVI |
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| Bishop of Rome | |
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| Papacy began | 2 February 1831 |
| Papacy ended | 1 June 1846 |
| Predecessor | Pius VIII |
| Successor | Pius IX |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 1787 |
| Consecration | 6 February 1831 by Bartolomeo Pacca |
| Created Cardinal | 13 March 1826 by Pope Leo XII |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari |
| Born |
18 September 1765 Belluno, Republic of Venice |
| Died | 1 June 1846 (aged 80) Rome, Papal States |
| Previous post |
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| Coat of arms |  |
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Papal styles of Pope Gregory XVI |
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| Reference style | His Holiness |
| Spoken style | Your Holiness |
| Religious style | Holy Father |
| Posthumous style | None |
Pope Gregory XVI (Latin: Gregorius XVI; 18 September 1765 – 1 June 1846), born Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari EC, reigned as Pope from 2 February 1831 to his death in 1846. He had adopted the name Mauro upon entering the religious order of the Camaldolese.
Strongly conservative and traditionalist, he opposed democratic and modernising reforms in the Papal States and throughout Europe, seeing them as fronts for revolutionary leftism. Against these trends Gregory XVI sought to strengthen the religious and political authority of the papacy (see ultramontanism). In the encyclical Mirari vos, he pronounced it “false and absurd, or rather mad, that we must secure and guarantee to each one liberty of conscience.” He encouraged missionary activity abroad and condemned the slave trade. However, his harsh repression, financial extravagance and neglectfulness left him deeply unpopular domestically.
He is the most recent pope to take the pontifical name "Gregory", and the most recent non-bishop to become pope.
Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari was born at Belluno in the Republic of Venice, on 18 September 1765, to an Italian lower noble family. His parents were from a small village named Pesariis, in Friuli. His father was a lawyer. At the age of eighteen Bartolomeo Cappellari joined the order of the Camaldolese (part of the Benedictine monastic family) and entered the Monastery of San Michele in Murano, near Venice. He was ordained a priest in 1787. As a Camaldolese monk, Cappellari rapidly gained distinction for his theological and linguistic skills, was assigned to teach philosophy and theology at San. Michele in 1787, at the age of twenty-two.
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