Greek citron

Variety Etrog
Species	Citrus medica

The Greek citron variety of Citrus medica (Greek: κιτριά, Hebrew: אתרוג קורפו‎‎ or יְוָנִי) was botanically classified by Adolf Engler as the "variety etrog". This is remarking on its major use for the Jewish ritual etrog during Sukkot, due to its widely claimed extraordinary natural beauty.

It was also called pitima, or the cedro col pigolo – Citron with a pitom, because its usually persisting pitom (carpel). The last does not only enhance its character, but also adds Halachic promotion.

The following description is from the Nurenbergische Hesperides (2nd Volume; 8th Chap.) by Johann Christoph Volkamer, titled "About the Cedro col Pigolo". He was growing that kind in his botanical garden in Nuremberg, and writes that it can also be called the "Jewish Citron", since it is mostly used for the Four species.

This tree does not become extra big. The leaves are smaller than by the other citrons, and serrated, oblong, with thorns attached, optionally supported with sticks. The bloom is small and reddish from outside. The fruit blossoms (- the carpels) are not less oblong from the beginning, showing up as reddish and darkly-green, after that they color themselves entirely green, and when they then ripe, straw-yellow. Remains being however, all over time somewhat small, and to no really bigness, like other kinds of the Citron.

Such fruit, like I did it illustrated here, presented, has grown one year ago in my garden, and I hope such more to receive. This fruit is attached above, and has to the top a small long distaff (- the pitom), it has a very pleasant smell, nearly like the nearest to describe, the Florentine citron. Has inside very few juice, so sour and also somewhat bitter, devised. As it seems, this kind does better in pots, than standing in the ground. As for this tree, which I have, remains very short in height, and stays the same height for the whole year, not overgrowing the [supporting] stalk, which is of non-special height.

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Wikipedia