Greece competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, from 27 July to 12 August 2012. The Hellenic Olympic Committee sent a total of 103 athletes to the Games in London, 65 men and 38 women, to compete in 19 sports. Men's water polo was the only team event in which Greece was represented at these Olympic Games.

As the progenitor nation of the Olympic games and in keeping with tradition, Greece entered first during the opening ceremony, led by taekwondo jin Alexandros Nikolaidis, two-time Olympic silver medalist in men's super heavyweight division.

Greece failed to win a gold or a silver medal for the first time since 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. Only two bronze medals were awarded to the team: one in judo, by Ilias Iliadis, an Olympic gold medalist at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, and the other in rowing, by Alexandra Tsiavou (sixth in Beijing), and Christina Giazitzidou.

Several athletes missed out of the medal standings in the finals, including swimmer Spyridon Gianniotis (fourth in the open water marathon), the Men's coxle four team (finished in the fourth place), Vassiliki Vougiouka (missed out the semi-finals in fencing), sailor Byron Kokkalanis, (sixth in men's windsurfing) and gymnast Vasileios Tsolakidis (sixth in men's parallel bars).

Greece qualified one archer.

Greek athletes achieved qualifying standards in the following athletics events (up to a maximum of 3 athletes in each event at the 'A' Standard, and 1 at the 'B' Standard):

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