Glycerol 3-phosphate

sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate

Names
IUPAC name (R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl dihydrogen phosphate
Other names 1,2,3-propanetriol, 1-(dihydrogen phosphate), (2R)- D-glycerol 1-phosphate L-glycerol 3-phosphate L-α-glycerophosphate L-α-phosphoglycerol
Identifiers
CAS Number	17989-41-2 N
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.279
KEGG	C00093 N
MeSH	Alpha-glycerophosphoric+acid
PubChem CID	439162
InChI InChI=1S/C3H9O6P/c4-1-3(5)2-9-10(6,7)8/h3-5H,1-2H2,(H2,6,7,8)/t3-/m1/s1 Key: AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N
SMILES C([C@H](COP(=O)(O)O)O)O
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H9O6P
Molar mass	172.074
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate is a phosphoric ester of glycerol, which is a component of glycerophospholipids. Equally appropriate names in biochemical context include glycero-3-phosphate, 3-O-phosphonoglycerol, 3-phosphoglycerol; and Gro3P. From a historical reason, it is also known as L-glycerol 3-phosphate, D-glycerol 1-phosphate, L-α-glycerophosphoric acid. It should not be confused with the similarly named glycerate 3-phosphate or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.

Glycerol 3-phosphate is synthesized by reducing dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), a glycolysis intermediate, with glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. DHAP and thus glycerol 3-phosphate is also possible to be synthesized from amino acids and citric acid cycle intermediates via glyceroneogenesis pathway.

It is also synthesized by phosphorylating glycerol generated upon hydrolyzing fats with glycerol kinase, and can feed into glycolysis or glyconeogenesis pathways.

Glycerol 3-phosphate is a starting material for de novo synthesis of glycerolipids. In eukaryotes, it is first acylated on its sn-1 position by an ER- or mitochondrial membrane enzyme, glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase, and another acyl group is then added on the sn-2 position making phosphatidic acids.