Gliese 1
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 |
|
|---|---|
| Constellation | Sculptor |
| Right ascension | 00h 05m 24.4279s |
| Declination | −37° 21′ 26.503″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 8.57 |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | M1.5V |
| U−B color index | +1.04 |
| B−V color index | +1.46 |
| Variable type | BY |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | +23.6±2 km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) |
RA: +5,633.95 mas/yr Dec.: −2,336.69 mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 230.42 ± 0.90mas |
| Distance | 14.15 ± 0.06 ly (4.34 ± 0.02 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | 10.35 |
| Details | |
| Mass | 0.45–0.48 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.46–0.48 R☉ |
| Temperature | 3,567±110 K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | −0.45±0.09 dex |
| Rotation | 60.1±5.7 d |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 4.8 km/s |
| Age | (0.1 ± 0.1) Myr |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
Gliese 1 is a red dwarf in the constellation Sculptor, which is found in the southern celestial hemisphere. It is one of the closest stars to the Sun, at an approximate distance of 14.2 light years. Because of its proximity to the Earth it is a frequent object of study and much is known about its physical properties and composition. However, with an apparent magnitude of about 8.5 it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.
This star's high proper motion was first documented by Benjamin Gould in 1885. At that time the star was identified as Cordoba Z.C. 23h 1584. As it lies very close to the origin of the astronomical right ascension coordinates during the 1950 epoch, it became the first star in both the Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars and the Luyten Half-Second star catalogues.
The stellar classification of this star has been rated from M1.5V to M4.0V by various sources. Gliese 1 is estimated to have 45–48% of the Sun's mass and 46–48% of the Sun's radius.
This star is suspected of being a BY Draconis-type variable star with the provisional variable star designation NSV 15017. It is also suspected of being a flare star. Like other flare stars, it emits X-rays. The temperatures of the layers of the atmosphere of this star have been measured.
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