George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham
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The Most Honourable The Marquess of Buckingham KG KP PC |
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| Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs | |
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In office 19 December 1783 – 23 December 1783 |
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| Prime Minister | William Pitt |
| Preceded by | Charles James Fox |
| Succeeded by | Marquess of Carmarthen |
| Lord Lieutenant of Ireland | |
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In office 27 October 1787 – 24 October 1789 |
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| Prime Minister | William Pitt |
| Preceded by | The Duke of Rutland |
| Succeeded by | The Earl of Westmorland |
| Personal details | |
| Alma mater | Christ Church, Oxford |
George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham KG, KP, PC, (17 June 1753 – 11 February 1813), known as The Earl Temple between 1779 and 1784, was a British statesman.
Buckingham, as the second son of George Grenville, Prime Minister of Great Britain, and of Elizabeth Wyndham, daughter of Sir William Wyndham, 3rd Baronet, was the nephew of Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple, and the elder brother of Thomas Grenville and of William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, also Prime Minister of Great Britain. He received his education at Eton and at Christ Church, Oxford.
The future Marquess gained appointment as a Teller of the Exchequer in 1764. Ten years later, he was returned to Parliament as one of the Members for Buckinghamshire. In the House of Commons he emerged as a sharp critic of the American policy of Lord North. In September 1779, he succeeded his uncle as Earl Temple and moved to the House of Lords; not long after, a Royal Licence to take the additional family names Nugent and Temple was issued on 4 December and George took the compound family name Nugent-Temple-Grenville. In 1782, Buckingham was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire; in July of the same year, he became a member of the Privy Council and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the Ministry of Lord Shelburne. He was instrumental in the enactment of the Renunciation Act of 1783, which supplemented the legislative independence granted to Ireland in 1782. In his capacity as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and by Royal Warrant, he created the Order of St Patrick in February 1783, with himself as the first Grand Master. He left Ireland in 1783 and again turned his attention to English politics. He enjoyed the confidence of King George III, and having opposed Fox's East India Bill, he was authorized by the King to say that "whoever voted for the India Bill was not only not his friend, but would be considered by him as an enemy", a message which ensured the defeat of the Bill. He was appointed a Secretary of State when the younger Pitt (his father's sister's son) formed his ministry in December 1783, but resigned only three days later.
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