George Hogarth Pringle

George Hogarth Pringle (22 December 1830 – 31 March 1872) was a Scottish-Australian surgeon. He is most widely known for the Pringle manoeuvre, a technique of occluding the portal triad to control hemorrhage. He was also the first surgeon in Britain to carry out a saphenous vein graft and he pioneered the hindquarter amputation

George Hogarth Pringle was born at Kintail in Ross-shire, Scotland. His father James Hall Pringle (1801–1873) was a tenant farmer at Hyndlee, near Hawick in the Scottish Borders, a farm described in Walter Scott's novel Guy Mannering. It has been suggested that George's mother Mary Hogarth (1803–1850) was related to William Hogarth (1697–1764) the artist and to Charles Dickens (1812–1870). Examination of the relevant birth and death certificates does not reveal any obvious relationship to either.

Little is known about his early years or schooling. Pringle qualified LRCS from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1852 and MD from Edinburgh University the same year with a thesis entitled 'Organic Stricture of the Urethra; complications and effects'. He was appointed House Surgeon in the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh under Professor James Syme (1799–1870) and Professor James Spence (1812–1882). One of his fellow residents in the Infirmary was Joseph Lister (1827–1912) with whom he maintained a lifelong correspondence. George Hogarth Pringle left Edinburgh to serve as a Medical Officer in the Crimean War as a surgeon on a ship transporting the sick and wounded from the battlefields of the Crimean Peninsula to the base hospital at Scutari. Thereafter he worked as a ship's surgeon with the Cunard Company and then on the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company Company's Clydebuilt ship SS Emeu between Suez and Sydney.

In 1859 he settled in Parramatta in New South Wales and registered as a doctor there (number 500) that year. Parramatta, now part of greater Sydney and situated at the head of the navigable part of the Parramatta river, was proclaimed a city in 1788, the year of the arrival of the first fleet. It was here that the Governor's residence was established in 1799. George Hogarth Pringle set up practice in George Street, Parramatta, succeeding a Dr Bassett. His partner, a fellow Scot Dr (later Sir) Normand MacLaurin (1835–1914), went on to become Chancellor of Sydney University. Pringle also worked with Dr Walter Brown (b1821), the first of three generations of Drs Brown to practise in Parramatta. The last of the three, Dr Keith McArthur Brown, (d1962) wrote an account of medical practice in Parramatta which includes descriptions of Pringle's work. He was also visiting surgeon to the Benevolent Asylum and surgeon to the King's School and Newington College, a Wesleyan School sited at that time at Silverwater.

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