Geography of Andorra

Andorra is a small, landlocked country in southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountain range and bordered by Spain and France. With an area of 468 km², it is the sixth smallest country in Europe and also the largest of the European microstates.

Andorra consists predominantly of rugged mountains, the highest being the Coma Pedrosa at 2,942 metres (9,652 ft), and the average elevation of Andorra is 1,996 metres (6,549 ft). These are dissected by three narrow valleys in a Y shape that combine into one as the main stream, the Gran Valira river, leaves the country for Spain (at Andorra's lowest point of 840 m or 2,756 ft).

Andorra's climate is similar to that of its neighbours' temperate climates, but its higher elevation means there is, on average, more snow in winter, lower humidity, and it is slightly cooler in summer. There are, on average, 300 days per year of sunshine.

Phytogeographically, Andorra belongs to the Atlantic European province of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom. According to the WWF, the territory of Andorra belongs to the ecoregion of Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests.

Landslides and avalanches are the main natural hazards. There are frequent earthquakes below Richter magnitude 2. There is no historical record of any damaging earthquakes in Andorra, but the Andorran government has studied the possibility of a future one.

All of Andorra is mountainous, and in total, there are 65 mountain peaks.

The highest mountain is Coma Pedrosa, which rises to 2,942 m (9,652 ft) in the northwest of Andorra near the French and Spanish borders.

Along the border with France, from west to east, the highest mountains are Pic de Médécourbe (2,914 m or 9,560 ft), which is the western tripoint international boundary of Andorra, France, and Spain, Pic de Cataperdis (2,805 m or 9,203 ft) and Pic de Tristaina (2,878 m or 9,442 ft), Pic de Font Blanca (2,903 m or 9,524 ft) in the northwest; Pic de Siguer (2,903 m or 9,524 ft), Pic de la Serrera (2,914 m or 9,560 ft) and Pic d'Anrodat (2,730 m or 8,957 ft) in the north; and Pic de Noé (2,737 m or 8,980 ft), Pic de la Cabaneta (2,818 m or 9,245 ft) and Roc Mélé (2,811 m or 9,222 ft) in the east.

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