Geobacter
G. anodireducens
G. argillaceus
G. bemidjiensis
G. bremensis
G. chapellei
G. daltonii
G. grbiciae
G. hydrogenophilus
G. lovleyi
G. luticola
G. metallireducens
G. pelophilus
G. pickeringii
G. psychrophilus
G. soli
G. sulfurreducens
G. thiogenes
G. toluenoxydans
G. uraniireducens
Geobacter is a genus of Proteobacteria. Geobacter species are anaerobic respiration bacterial species which have capabilities that make them useful in bioremediation. Geobacter was found to be the first organism with the ability to oxidize organic compounds and metals, including iron, radioactive metals, and petroleum compounds into environmentally benign carbon dioxide while using iron oxide or other available metals as electron acceptors.Geobacter species are also found to be able to respire upon a graphite electrode. They have been found in anaerobic conditions in soils and aquatic sediment.
Geobacter metallireducens was first isolated by Derek Lovley in 1987 in sand sediment from the Potomac River in Washington D.C. The first strain was deemed strain GS-15.
Geobacter's ability to consume oil-based pollutants and radioactive material with carbon dioxide as waste byproduct has been used in environmental clean-up for underground petroleum spills and for the precipitation of uranium out of groundwater.Geobacter metabolize the material by creating electrically conductive pili between itself and the food material.
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