Generalized Petersen graph

In graph theory, the generalized Petersen graphs are a family of cubic graphs formed by connecting the vertices of a regular polygon to the corresponding vertices of a star polygon. They include the Petersen graph and generalize one of the ways of constructing the Petersen graph. The generalized Petersen graph family was introduced in 1950 by H. S. M. Coxeter and these graphs were given their name in 1969 by Mark Watkins.

In Watkins' notation, G(n,k) is a graph with vertex set

and edge set

where subscripts are to be read modulo n and k < n/2. Some authors use a similar notation GPG(n,k) with the same meaning.Coxeter's notation for the same graph would be {n}+{n/k}, a combination of the Schläfli symbols for the regular n-gon and star polygon from which the graph is formed. Any generalized Petersen graph can also be constructed as a voltage graph from a graph with two vertices, two self-loops, and one other edge.

The Petersen graph itself is G(5,2) or {5}+{5/2}.

Among the generalized Petersen graphs are the n-prism G(n,1) the Dürer graph G(6,2), the Möbius-Kantor graph G(8,3), the dodecahedron G(10,2), the Desargues graph G(10,3) and the Nauru graph G(12,5).

Four generalized Petersen graphs – the 3-prism, the 5-prism, the Dürer graph, and G(7,2) – are among the seven graphs that are cubic, 3-vertex-connected, and well-covered (meaning that all of their maximal independent sets have equal size).

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