Garuda Pancasila
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| Details | |
| Armiger | Republic of Indonesia |
| Adopted | 11 February 1950 |
| Escutcheon | A shield representing the national ideology Pancasila ("The Five Principles"). Blazon: Quarterly Gules and Argent (national colours), parted per fess by a thick line Sable (symbolising the Equator); in the 1st quarter a banteng (Javanese wild bull) cabossed proper (for the 4th Principle), in the 2nd quarter a banyan tree proper (for the 3rd Principle), in the 3rd quarter a sprig each of paddy and cotton both proper (for the 5th Principle), in the 4th quarter a ring of chains Or (for the 2nd Principle); on an inescutcheon, Sable a mullet Or (for the 1st Principle). |
| Supporters | Garuda (a Javan hawk-eagle) displayed Or, clutching a scroll of national motto |
| Motto |
Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (from Old Javanese: "Unity in Diversity") |
| Other elements | The feathers of the Garuda are arranged to represent the date 17 August 1945, the day on which Indonesia's independence was proclaimed. |
The national emblem of Indonesia is called Garuda Pancasila. The main part of Indonesian national emblem is the Garuda with a heraldic shield on its chest and a scroll gripped by its legs. The shield's five emblems represent Pancasila, the five principles of Indonesia's national ideology. The Garuda claws gripping a white ribbon scroll inscribed with the national motto Bhinneka Tunggal Ika written in black text, which can be loosely translated as "Unity in Diversity". Garuda Pancasila was designed by Sultan Hamid II from Pontianak, supervised by Sukarno, and was adopted as the national emblem on 11 February 1950.
Garuda, the discipled carrier or vehicle (vahana) of Lord Vishnu, appears in many ancient Hindu-Buddhist temples of ancient Indonesia. Temples such as Mendut, Borobudur, Sajiwan, Prambanan, Kidal, Penataran, Belahan, and Sukuh depict the images (bas-relief or statue) of Garuda. In Prambanan temple complex there is a single temple located in front of Vishnu temple, dedicated to Garuda. However, there is no statue of Garuda inside the chamber today. In the Shiva temple, also in Prambanan complex, there is a relief telling an episode of Ramayana about Garuda's nephew who also belongs to the bird-god race, Jatayu, tried to rescue Sita from Ravana's hand. The deified statue of King Airlangga depicted as Vishnu mounting Garuda from Belahan, probably the most famous statue of Garuda from ancient Java. Now the statue is one of the important collection of Trowulan Museum.
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