Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional Puertorriqueña | |
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Participant in Puerto Rican independence movement | |
Logo and flag of the FALN
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Active | 1974–1983 |
Ideology | Puerto Rican independence, Marxism–Leninism, Communism |
Leaders | Filiberto Ojeda Ríos † |
Area of operations | United States |
Became | Boricua Popular Army (Macheteros) |
Opponents | Government of the United States |
The Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional (English: Armed Forces of National Liberation, FALN) was a Puerto Rican clandestine paramilitary organization that, through direct action, advocated complete independence for Puerto Rico. At the time of its dissolution, the FALN was responsible for more than 120 bomb attacks on United States targets between 1974 and 1983 that killed 5 people and injured several others.
The FALN was led by Filiberto Ojeda Ríos, who was one of the FBI's most wanted criminals. The group served as the predecessor of the Boricua Popular Army. Several of the organization's members were arrested and convicted for conspiracy to commit robbery and for firearms and explosives violations. On August 11, 1999 then United States President Bill Clinton offered clemency to sixteen of the convicted militants under the condition that they renounce any kind of violent manifestation. This decision drew criticism towards the Clinton administration from figures that include the Office of the United States Attorney, the FBI, and the United States Congress.
The group was a 1970s Marxist–Leninist militant group which fought to transform Puerto Rico into a communist state. The organization's ideological basis consisted of five reforms that they expected to implement, these were: