Fritjof Nansen
| Fridtjof Nansen | |
|---|---|
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| Born |
10 October 1861 Store Frøen, Christiania (now Oslo), Norway |
| Died | 13 May 1930 (aged 68) Polhøgda, Lysaker, Norway |
| Education | The Royal Frederick University |
| Occupation | Scientist, explorer, humanitarian |
| Spouse(s) | Eva Sars (died 9 December 1907) Sigrun Munthe |
| Children | 2 daughters, 3 sons |
| Parent(s) | Baldur Nansen and Adelaide (née Wedel-Jarlsberg) Nansen |
| Awards |
Nobel Peace Prize (1922) Kongelige Norske St. Olavs Orden Order of the Dannebrog National Order of the Legion of Honor Order of St. Stanislaus Cullum Geographical Medal (1897) Vega Medal (1889) Constantine Medal (1907) |
| Signature | |
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Fridtjof Nansen (/ˈfrɪd.tjɒf ˈnænsən/ FRID-choff NAN-sən; 10 October 1861 – 13 May 1930) was a Norwegian explorer, scientist, diplomat, humanitarian and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. In his youth he was a champion skier and ice skater. He led the team that made the first crossing of the Greenland interior in 1888, traversing the island on cross-country skis. He won international fame after reaching a record northern latitude of 86°14′ during his North Pole expedition of 1893–96. Although he retired from exploration after his return to Norway, his techniques of polar travel and his innovations in equipment and clothing influenced a generation of subsequent Arctic and Antarctic expeditions.
Nansen studied zoology at the Royal Frederick University in Christiania (renamed Oslo in 1925), and later worked as a curator at the Bergen Museum where his research on the central nervous system of lower marine creatures earned him a doctorate and helped establish modern theories of neurology. After 1896 his main scientific interest switched to oceanography; in the course of his research he made many scientific cruises, mainly in the North Atlantic, and contributed to the development of modern oceanographic equipment. As one of his country's leading citizens, in 1905 Nansen spoke out for the ending of Norway's union with Sweden, and was instrumental in persuading Prince Carl of Denmark to accept the throne of the newly independent Norway. Between 1906 and 1908 he served as the Norwegian representative in London, where he helped negotiate the Integrity Treaty that guaranteed Norway's independent status.
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