Francisco de Borja y Aragón

Francisco de Borja y Aragón, conde de Rebolledo, prince of Squillace (1581 — September 26, 1658) was a Spanish writer, official in the court of King Philip III of Spain, and, from December 18, 1615 to December 31, 1621, viceroy of Peru.

Borja y Aragón was born in Madrid, a descendent of King Ferdinand of Aragon and of Rodrigo Borgia (Pope Alexander VI). He was also related to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Saint Francis Borgia. Born and educated in Spain, he became an important official in the Spanish court. He was knight commander of the military Order of Santiago and lord of the bedchamber to the king. He was also known as a man of letters. He was appointed viceroy of Peru in 1614, and assumed office the following year.

In Peru, he reorganized the University of San Marcos. He also founded, in Cuzco, the Colegio del Príncipe for sons of the Indigenous nobility and the Colegio de San Francisco for sons of the conquistadors. He established the Tribunal del Consulado, a special court and administrative body for commercial affairs in the viceroyalty. He also strengthened the navy and the artillery and gave a great impulse to mining in the district of Chucuito, thereby increasing the revenue of the government of the colony.

In 1617 he divided the government of Río de la Plata into two, Buenos Aires and Paraguay, both dependencies of the Viceroyalty of Peru. He was a supporter of the Jesuits, and collaborated with them in the suppression of idolatry and witchcraft. A 1617 decree issued in his capacity as Viceroy, (Don Francisco de Boria Principe de Esqvilache Conde de Mayalde Gentilhombre dela Camara del Rey Nuestro Señor Su Vírrey lugar teníente, Gouernador, y Capitan General) is held by the National Library of Peru.

On the death of his patron, Philip III, Borja y Aragón returned to Spain, embarking on December 31, 1621. There he dedicated himself to poetry, reworking and publishing some of the poems of his youth and writing new works in verse and prose. He died in Madrid in 1658.

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