Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana y Butrón
| Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana y Butrón | |
|---|---|
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| Archbishop of Mexico | |
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In office 1766–1772 |
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| Monarch | Ferdinand VII of Spain |
| Preceded by | Manuel José Rubio y Salinas |
| Succeeded by | Alonso Núñez de Haro y Peralta |
| Grand Inquisitor of Spain | |
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In office 1794–1797 |
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| Preceded by | Manuel Abad y Lasierra |
| Succeeded by | Ramón José de Arce |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 22 September 1722 Leon, Spain |
| Died | April 17, 1804 (aged 81) Rome, Italy |
Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana y Butrón (22 September 1722 – 17 April 1804) was a Catholic Cardinal, who had also earlier served as Archbishop of Mexico.
After the completion of his studies at the Jesuit College of his native city, he entered the ecclesiastical state and was appointed, at an early date, to a canonry in Toledo. In 1765 he was named Bishop of Plasencia (not Palencia, as sometimes erroneously stated). The following year he was called upon to assume the difficult charge of the large Archdiocese of Mexico. He established an asylum for foundlings there at his own expense. He collected and published the acts of the first three provincial councils of Mexico held respectively in 1555, 1565, and 1585: Concilios provinciales, I, II, III, de Mexico (Mexico, 1769–70).
In 1771 he held the Fourth Mexican Provincial council synod, which was strongly regalist. (However its decrees, which he forwarded to Madrid for confirmation, were buried in the royal archives). He also brought together valuable historical documents relating to the secular and religious history of Mexico and published them in a richly illustrated work under the title, Historia de Nueva Espana (Mexico, 1770). According to one scholar, Lorenzana "became an outspoken critic of the crown's ecclesiastical policy and warned Charles III that his measures were Protestant heresies."
In 1772 he was recalled to Spain and placed at the head of the Archdiocese of Toledo. He built a library for this city and collected the works of the principal writers of the Church of Toledo. These writings appeared in an edition, SS. Patrum Toletanorum opera (Madrid, 1782–93). He likewise published a new edition of the Gothic or Mozarabic Breviary, Breviarium Gothicum (Madrid, 1775), and Mozarabic Missal, Missale Gothicum (Rome, 1804). In the introductions to these publications he discussed the Mozarabic liturgy. Editions of Spanish conciliar decrees, the Roman Catechism, and the Canons of the Council of Trent also engaged his attention, and the works of Isidore of Seville were published at his expense by the Spanish Jesuit, Faustino Arévalo: S. Isidori Hispalensis Opera Omnia (Rome, 1797–1803).
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