François René de Chateaubriand
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François-René de Chateaubriand OLH, KOESSH, KOSL, KOHS, KOSM |
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Portrait of Chateaubriand as Peer of France (1828)
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| France Ambassador to the Papal States | |
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In office 4 January 1828 – 8 August 1829 |
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| Appointed by | Jean-Baptiste de Martignac |
| Preceded by | Adrien-Pierre de Montmorency-Laval |
| Succeeded by | Auguste de La Ferronays |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
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In office 28 December 1822 – 4 August 1824 |
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| Prime Minister | Jean-Baptiste de Villèle |
| Preceded by | Mathieu de Montmorency |
| Succeeded by | Hyacinthe Maxence de Damas |
| France Ambassador to the United Kingdom | |
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In office 22 December 1822 – 28 December 1822 |
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| Appointed by | Jean-Baptiste de Villèle |
| Preceded by | Antoine de Gramont |
| Succeeded by | Jules de Polignac |
| France Ambassador to Prussia | |
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In office 14 December 1821 – 22 December 1822 |
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| Appointed by | Jean-Baptiste de Villèle |
| Preceded by | Charles-François de Bonnay |
| Succeeded by | Maximilien Gérard de Rayneval |
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In office 3 April 1814 – 26 September 1815 |
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| Appointed by | Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand |
| Member of the Académie française | |
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In office 1811–1848 |
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| Preceded by | Marie-Joseph Chénier |
| Succeeded by | Paul de Noailles |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
4 September 1768 Saint-Malo, Brittany, France |
| Died | 4 July 1848 (aged 79) Paris, Seine, France |
| Spouse(s) | Céleste Buisson de la Vigne (m. 1792; her d. 1847) |
| Profession | Writer, translator, diplomat |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |
 Kingdom of France
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| Service/branch | Armée des Émigrés |
| Years of service | 1792 |
| Rank | Private |
| Battles/wars | |
| Writing career | |
| Period | 19th century |
| Genre | Novel, memoir, essay |
| Subject | Religion, exoticism, existentialism |
| Literary movement |
Romanticism Conservatism |
| Notable works | |
| Years active | 1793–1848 |
François-René, vicomte de Chateaubriand (/ʃæˌtoʊbriːˈɑːn/;French: [fʁɑ̃swa ʁəne də ʃɑtobʁijɑ̃]; September 4, 1768 – July 4, 1848), was a French writer, politician, diplomat and historian who is considered the founder of Romanticism in French literature. Descended from an old aristocratic family from Brittany, Chateaubriand was a royalist by political disposition; in an age when a number of intellectuals turned against the Church, he authored the Génie du christianisme in defense of the Catholic faith. His works include the autobiography Mémoires d'Outre-Tombe ("Memoirs from Beyond the Grave", published posthumously in 1849–1850).
Born in Saint-Malo, the last of 10 children, Chateaubriand grew up in his family's castle in Combourg, Brittany. His father, René de Chateaubriand (1718–86), was a former sea captain turned ship owner and slave trader. His mother's maiden name was Apolline de Bedée. Chateaubriand's father was a morose, uncommunicative man, and the young Chateaubriand grew up in an atmosphere of gloomy solitude, only broken by long walks in the Breton countryside and an intense friendship with his sister Lucile. His youthful solitude and wild desire produced a suicide attempt with a hunting rifle, although the weapon failed to discharge.
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