Fatah–Hamas conflict

Part of Palestinian political violence

Date

2006–present
(main phase in 2007)

Location

Gaza Strip

Status

Reconciliation process:

Hamas takeover of the Gaza Strip
New Palestinian Government in the West Bank, appointed by Mahmoud Abbas
Reconciliation agreement signed May 2011
Doha agreement signed 2012
Renewed political crisis in March–April 2012
Strong increase of tensions in 2013
Hamas and Fatah sign reconciliation deal in April 2014
Unity government sworn in in June 2014
Implementation of unity government control in Gaza due date

Belligerents

Hamas

Fatah

Palestinian nationalists
Palestinian Secularists

Commanders and leaders

Strength

Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades: 15,000
Executive Police Force: 6,000

National Security: 30,000
Preventive Security Service: 30,000
General Intelligence: 5,000
Presidential Guard: 4,200
Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigade: Several thousand

Casualties and losses

83 killed

165 killed

98 civilians killed
1,000+ wounded on both sides
Total: 600+ killed

Reconciliation process:

Hamas

Fatah

The Fatah–Hamas conflict (Arabic: النزاع بين فتح وحماس‎‎ an-Nizāʿ bayna Fataḥ wa-Ḥamās), also referred to as the Palestinian Civil War (Arabic: الحرب الأهلية الفلسطينية‎‎ al-Ḥarb al-ʾAhliyyah al-Filisṭīnīyyah), was a conflict between the two main Palestinian political parties, Fatah and Hamas, resulting in the split of the Palestinian Authority in 2007. The reconciliation process and unification of Hamas and Fatah administrations has not finalized as of September 2015.

The Palestinian Independent Commission for Citizens' Rights has found that over 600 Palestinians were killed in the fighting from January 2006 to May 2007. Dozens more were killed or executed in the following years as part of the conflict.

Tensions between Fatah and Hamas began to rise in 2005 after the death of Yasser Arafat. After the Hamas' legislative victory in 2006, relations were marked by sporadic factional fighting. This became more intense after the two parties repeatedly failed to reach a deal to share government power, escalating in June 2007 and resulting in Hamas' takeover of Gaza. A major issue was control over the border crossings, especially the Rafah Border Crossing.

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