Fang Yi
| Fang Yi | |
|---|---|
| 方毅 | |
Fang Yi in the early 1940s
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| State Councilor of China | |
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In office 1982–1988 |
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| Premier | Zhao Ziyang |
| Vice Premier of China | |
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In office 1978–1982 |
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| Premier | Zhao Ziyang |
| President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences | |
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In office 1979–1981 |
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| Preceded by | Guo Moruo |
| Succeeded by | Lu Jiaxi |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 26 February 1916 Xiamen, Fujian, China |
| Died | October 17, 1997 (aged 81) Beijing, China |
| Political party | Communist Party of China |
| Spouse(s) | Yin Sen (m. 1940) |
Fang Yi (Chinese: 方毅; Wade–Giles: Fang I; 26 February 1916 – 17 October 1997) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, diplomat, and high-ranking politician. As a military leader, he participated in the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, he served as Vice Governor of Fujian, Vice Mayor of Shanghai, economic representative at the Chinese embassy in North Vietnam, President of the Chinese Academy of Science, and Vice Premier of China. He was also a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China.
On 26 February 1916, Fang Yi was born in Xiamen, Fujian Province to a poor family. He original name was Fang Qingji (方清吉). He had an older brother, and his mother died 26 days after Fang Yi was born. His father remarried, and had another son and daughter. When Fang Yi was eight his father also died, and the family fell into abject poverty. With the help of his maternal uncle, Fang was able to attend Xiamen No. 1 Middle School, one of the best schools in Xiamen. While attending the school, he joined the Communist Youth League at age 14, and the Communist Party of China (CPC) a year later, in 1931.
He later went to Shanghai and worked at the Commercial Press, a leading publishing house. However, he was arrested by the Kuomintang in 1934, and sentenced to eight years in prison for his Communist activism. He was released from a Suzhou prison in 1937, after the Xi'an Incident and the Japanese invasion of China. He went on to serve as a political commissar in northern China during the Anti-Japanese War, and in the ensuing Chinese Civil War, he was Secretary General of the North China People's Government, the semi-autonomous Communist government in northern China. He also served as vice governor in the Communist government of Shandong Province.
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