Factions in the Frankfurt Assembly

The factions in the Frankfurt Assembly were the groups or political factions (German: Fraktionen) that developed among delegates to the Frankfurt Parliament that met from 18 May 1848 to 31 May 1849 in the Paulskirche in Frankfurt am Main. They coalesced as groups of like-minded representatives started meeting, and were named after the various hostelries at which they met. Eventually they formed larger groups or blocs based on similar political values.

The groups were regarded and spoken of as "clubs". In his memoirs, the deputy Robert von Mohl wrote about how they came into being and functioned:

that originally [there] were four different clubs, based on the primary political orientations. . . . That in regard to the most important major questions, for example about the participation of Austria and about the election of emperors, the usual club-based divisions would be abandoned temporarily to create larger aggregate groups, such as the United Left, the Greater Germans in the Hotel Schröder, [and] the Imperials in the [Hotel] Weidenbusch.
These party meetings were in fact an important part of political life in Frankfurt, significant for positive, but clearly also for negative, results. A club provided togetherness with politically kindred spirits, some of whom became true friends; animated advice on all important questions, immediate decision making, and perhaps as an immediate result, success in the plenary assembly.

The numerically largest factions were Casino, Württemberger Hof, and beginning in 1849, the united left, known as the Märzverein (March association).

The Left was at the time also called the "Wholes", and consisted of a coalition of extreme and moderate republicans.

Deutscher Hof was one of the original factions. Its members were left-wingers who advocated a democratic republic with universal direct suffrage and equal rights for all nationalities. Beginning in May 1849, when both liberals and conservatives were becoming disenchanted with the Frankfurt parliament and abandoning it, it dominated the Märzverein. Most of the Deutscher Hof deputies also participated in the rump parliament in Stuttgart that followed, and supported and in some cases participated in the revolutions in Baden and Saxony.

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