Exxon Valdez
Exxon Valdez at Prince William Sound in 1989
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| History | |
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| Name: | The Northwestern |
| Owner: |
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| Port of registry: |
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| Ordered: | 1 August 1984 |
| Builder: | |
| Laid down: | 24 July 1985 |
| Launched: | 14 October 1986 |
| In service: | 11 December 1986-20 March 2012 |
| Out of service: | 21 March 2012 (sold for scrap) |
| Renamed: |
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| Refit: | 30 June 1989 |
| Identification: |
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| Fate: | 02 August 2012 (beached for dismantling) |
| Notes: | |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | VLCC oil tanker |
| Type: | ABS: A1, ore carrier, AMS, ACCU, GRAB 25 |
| Tonnage: | 214,861 DWT |
| Displacement: | 240,291 long tons |
| Length: | 987 ft (301 m) overall |
| Beam: | 166 ft (51 m) |
| Draft: | 64.5 ft (19.7 m) |
| Depth: | 88 ft (27 m) |
| Installed power: | 31,650 bhp (23,600 kW) at 79 rpm |
| Propulsion: | Eight-cylinder, reversible, slow-speed Sulzer marine diesel engine |
| Speed: | 16.25 knots (30.10 km/h; 18.70 mph) |
| Capacity: | 1.48 million barrels (235,000 m³) of crude oil |
| Crew: | 21 |
| Notes: | |
Oriental Nicety, formerly Exxon Valdez, Exxon Mediterranean, SeaRiver Mediterranean, S/R Mediterranean, Mediterranean, and Dong Fang Ocean, was an oil tanker that gained notoriety after running aground in Prince William Sound spilling hundreds of thousands of barrels of crude oil in Alaska. On March 24, 1989, while owned by the former Exxon Shipping Company, and captained by Joseph Hazelwood and First Mate James Kunkel bound for Long Beach, California, the vessel ran aground on the Bligh Reef resulting in the second largest oil spill in United States history. The size of the spill is estimated to have been 40,900 to 120,000 m3 (10,800,000 to 31,700,000 US gal), or 257,000 to 750,000 barrels. In 1989, the Exxon Valdez oil spill was listed as the 54th largest spill in history.
The tanker was 301 meters long, 51 meters wide, 26 meters depth (987 ft x 166 ft x 88 ft), with a deadweight of 214,861 long tons and a full-load displacement of 240,291 long tons. The ship was able to transport up to 235,000 m³ (1.48 million barrels) at a sustained speed of 30 km/h 16.25 knots, powered by a 23.60 MW (31,650 shp) diesel engine. Her hull design was of the single-hull type, constructed by National Steel and Shipbuilding Company in San Diego, California. She was a relatively new tanker at the time of the spill, and was delivered to Exxon on December 16, 1986.
At the time of the spill, Exxon Valdez was employed to transport crude oil from the Alyeska consortium's pipeline terminal in Valdez, Alaska, to the lower 48 states of the United States. At the time it ran aground, the vessel was carrying about 201,000 m³ (53.1 million gallons) of oil. After the spill, the vessel was towed to San Diego, arriving on June 10, 1989, and repairs were started on June 30, 1989. Approximately 1,600 tons of steel were removed and replaced that July, totaling US$30 million of repairs to the tanker. Its single-hull design remained unaltered.
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