Euglenophyceae
| Euglenids Temporal range: Eocene (53.5Ma) - recent |
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| Euglena viridis, by Ehrenberg | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| (unranked): | Excavata |
| Phylum: |
Euglenophyta Pascher, 1931 |
| Class: |
Euglenophyceae Schoenichen, 1925 |
| Major groups | |
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Phototrophs (in general) |
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| Synonyms | |
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Phototrophs (in general)
Euglenales/Euglenina
Eutreptiales/Eutreptiina
Euglenamorphales/Euglenamorphina
Osmotrophs
Rhabdomonadales/Rhabdomonadina
Phagotrophs
?Heteronematales/Heteronematina
?Sphenomonadales/Sphenomonadina
Euglenids (euglenoids, or euglenophytes, formally Euglenida/Euglenoida, ICZN, or Euglenophyceae, ICBN) are one of the best-known groups of flagellates, which are Excavate Eukaryotes of the phylum Euglenophyta and their cell structure is typical of that group. This means that they lack traditional . They are commonly found in freshwater, especially when it is rich in organic materials, with a few marine and endosymbiotic members. Most euglenids are unicellular. Many euglenids have chloroplasts and produce their own food through photosynthesis, but others feed by phagocytosis, or strictly by diffusion. This group is known to contain the carbohydrate paramylon.
Euglenids are said to descend from an ancestor that took up green algae by secondary endosymbiosis.
Euglenids are distinguished mainly by the presence of a pellicle (periplast). Within its taxon, the pellicle is one of the euglenids' most diverse features from a morphological standpoint. The pellicle is composed of proteinaceous strips underneath the cell membrane, supported by dorsal and ventral microtubules. This varies from rigid to flexible, and gives the cell its shape, often giving it distinctive striations. In many euglenids the strips can slide past one another, causing an inching motion called metaboly. Otherwise they move using their flagella.
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Wikipedia