Eugen Leviné

Eugen Leviné
Leader of the Bavarian Council Republic
In office 12 April 1919 – 3 May 1919
Preceded by	Ernst Toller
Succeeded by	Republic collapsed
Personal details
Born	10 May 1883 St Petersburg, Russian Empire
Died	5 June 1919 (aged 36) Stadelheim Prison, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
Political party	Communist Party of Germany
Spouse(s)	Rose Leviné
Children	Eugen Leviné

Eugen Leviné (Russian: Евгений Левине) (born 10 May 1883 – 5 July 1919) was a Jewish communist revolutionary and leader of the short-lived Bavarian Council Republic.

Leviné was born in St. Petersburg into the Jewish mercant family Julius and Rozalia (née Goldberg). Julius Leviné died when Eugen was 3 years old, and Rozalia emigrated to Germany with her son, settling in Wiesbaden and Mannheim. Eugen went on to study law at the Heidelberg University. He returned to Russia to participate in the failed revolution of 1905 against the Tsar. For his actions, he was exiled to Siberia. He eventually escaped to Germany and began studying at Heidelberg University and, in 1915, married Rosa Broido from the Polish town of Gródek. They had at least one child, a son, whom they named Eugen. For a short time, he served in the Imperial German Army during the First World War.

After the war ended, Leviné joined the Communist Party of Germany and helped to create a socialist republic in Bavaria. However, the republic lasted only several weeks, replaced quickly by a Soviet-style republic after the assassination of Kurt Eisner, then leader of the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD).

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