Erechtheum

Erechtheum
Ἐρέχθειον (Greek)
General information
Type	Ancient Temple (Ancient Greek and Roman Period) Church (Byzantine Period) Palace (Frankish Period) Residence of the Turkish commander's harem (Ottoman Period)
Architectural style	Ionic
Location	Athens, Greece
Current tenants	Museum
Construction started	421 BC
Completed	406 BC
Owner	Greek government
Design and construction
Architect	may have been Mnesicles

The Erechtheion or Erechtheum (/ɪˈrɛkθiəm, ˌɛrɪkˈθiːəm/; Ancient Greek: Ἐρέχθειον, Modern Greek: Ερέχθειο) is an ancient Greek temple on the north side of the Acropolis of Athens in Greece which was dedicated to both Athena and Poseidon.

The temple as seen today was built between 421 and 406 BCE. Its architect may have been Mnesicles, and it derived its name from a shrine dedicated to the legendary Greek hero Erichthonius. The sculptor and mason of the structure was Phidias, who was employed by Pericles to build both the Erechtheum and the Parthenon. Some have suggested that it may have been built in honor of the legendary king Erechtheus, who is said to have been buried nearby. Erechtheus was mentioned in Homer's Iliad as a great king and ruler of Athens during the Archaic Period, and Erechtheus and the hero Erichthonius were often syncretized. It is believed to have been a replacement for the Peisistratid temple of Athena Polias destroyed by the Persians in 480 BC.

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