Empress Song (Southern Tang)

Song Fujin (宋福金) (died 945), formally Empress Yuanjing (元敬皇后, "the discerning and alert empress"), was the empress and second wife of Li Bian (Xu Zhigao), the founding emperor of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Southern Tang (Emperor Liezu), and the mother of four of his five sons, including his successor Li Jing (Xu Jingtong) (Emperor Yuanzong).

It is not known when Song Fujin was born. It is further not known where she was born, although it is known that her father Song Wen (宋韞) was from Jiangxia (江夏, in modern Wuhan, Hubei). In her youth, she became caught up in warfare, and was eventually taken into the household of Wang Rong (王戎), a prefect of Sheng Prefecture (昇州, in modern Nanjing, Jiangsu) during Wu.

At some point, Wang Rong gave his daughter in marriage to Xu Zhigao, the adoptive son of the Wu regent Xu Wen (although it is not known whether Xu Wen was already regent at that time). Lady Song was also sent to the Xu household to serve as Lady Wang's servant girl, and eventually became a concubine of Xu Zhigao's. As concubine, she bore him his oldest son Xu Jingtong.

As some point (before 927), Lady Wang died. At Xu Wen's direction, Xu Zhigao elevated Lady Song to the status of wife. As Xu Zhigao was then serving as the junior regent, in control of the Wu imperial government at the capital Guangling (廣陵, in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu) with Xu Wen himself stationed at Jinling (金陵, i.e., Sheng Prefecture), Lady Song was created the Lady of Guangping, and later the greater title of Lady of Jin. It was said that she governed the household capably, and did not often smile or joke. In addition to Xu Jingtong, she would bear three more sons for Xu Zhigao — Xu Jingqian, Xu Jingsui, and Xu Jingda.

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