Emperor Kammu
| Emperor Kanmu | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emperor of Japan | |||||
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| Crown Prince (親王 Shinnō?) | |||||
| Reign | 773–81 | ||||
| Coronation | 773 | ||||
| Emperor (天皇 Tennō?) | |||||
| Reign | 781–806 | ||||
| Enthronement | April 30, 781 | ||||
| Predecessor | Emperor Kōnin | ||||
| Successor | Heizei | ||||
| Born | 737 | ||||
| Died | February 5, 806 (aged 70) | ||||
| Burial | Kashiwabara no misasagi (Kyoto) | ||||
| Consorts |
Fujiwara no Otomuro (Empress) Princess Sakahito (minor wife) |
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| Father | Emperor Kōnin | ||||
| Mother | Takano no Niigasa | ||||
| Era name and dates | |
|---|---|
| Ten'ō, Enryaku: 781–82, 782–806 |
Emperor Kanmu (桓武天皇 Kanmu-tennō?, 737–806) was the 50th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Kanmu reigned from 781 to 806.
Kanmu's personal name (imina) was Yamabe (山部?). He was the eldest son of Prince Shirakabe (later known as Emperor Kōnin), and was born prior to Shirakabe's ascension to the throne. According to the Shoku Nihongi (続日本紀?), Yamabe's mother, Yamato no Niigasa (later called Takano no Niigasa), was a 10th generation descendant of Muryeong of Baekje.
After his father became emperor, Kanmu's half-brother, Prince Osabe was appointed to the rank of crown prince. His mother was Princess Inoe, a daughter of Emperor Shōmu; but instead of Osabe, it was Kanmu who was later named to succeed their father. After Inoe and Prince Osabe were confined and then died in 775, Osabe's sister – Kanmu's half-sister Princess Sakahito – became Kanmu's wife. Later, when he ascended to the throne in 781, Kanmu appointed his young brother, Prince Sawara, whose mother was Takano no Niigasa, as crown prince. Hikami no Kawatsugu, a son of Emperor Tenmu's grandson Prince Shioyaki and Shōmu's daughter Fuwa, attempted to carry out a coup d'état in 782, but it failed and Kawatsugu and his mother were sent into exile. In 785 Sawara was expelled and died in exile.
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