Emil Rödiger (13 October 1801, in Sangerhausen – 15 June 1874) was a German orientalist.
He studied philosophy and theology at the University of Halle, where in 1830, he became an associate professor of Oriental languages, followed by a full professorship in 1835. He moved to Berlin in 1860, and remained there for the rest of his life.
He published a new edition of Lokman's Fables (1830); Syrische Crestomathie (1838); and Himjaritische Schriftmonumentie (1841). After the death of Wilhelm Gesenius (1786-1842), he finished his Thesaurus Linguae Hebraicae, and edited his Hebrew grammar from the 13th to the 21st edition (1874).