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Elliptical galaxy M87

Messier 87
Messier 87 Hubble WikiSky.jpg
Messier 87 as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope.
Observation data
Epoch J2000
Constellation Virgo
Right ascension 12h 30m 49.42338s
Declination +12° 23′ 28.0439″
Apparent dimension (V) 7.2 × 6.8 moa
Apparent magnitude (V) 9.59
Characteristics
Type E+0-1 pec, NLRG Sy
Astrometry
Heliocentric radial velocity 1307 ± 7km/s
Redshift 0.004360 ± 0.000022
Galactocentric velocity 1254 ± 7km/s
Distance 53.5 ± 1.63 Mly (16.40 ± 0.50 Mpc)
Other designations
Virgo A, Virgo X-1, NGC 4486, UGC 7654, PGC 41361, VCC 1316, Arp 152, 3C 274, 3U 1228+12.
Database references
SIMBAD data
See also: Galaxy, List of galaxies

Messier 87 (also known as Virgo A or NGC 4486, and generally abbreviated to M87) is a supergiant elliptical galaxy in the constellation Virgo. One of the most massive galaxies in the local universe, it is notable for its large population of globular clusters—M87 contains about 12,000 compared to the 150–200 orbiting the Milky Way—and its jet of energetic plasma that originates at the core and extends outward at least 1,500 parsecs (4,900 light-years), travelling at relativistic speed. It is one of the brightest radio sources in the sky, and is a popular target for both amateur astronomy observations and professional astronomy study.

French astronomer Charles Messier discovered M87 in 1781, cataloguing it as a nebulous feature while searching for objects that would confuse comet hunters. The second brightest galaxy within the northern Virgo Cluster, M87 is located about 16.4 million parsecs (53.5 million light-years) from Earth. Unlike a disk-shaped spiral galaxy, M87 has no distinctive dust lanes. Instead, it has an almost featureless, ellipsoidal shape typical of most giant elliptical galaxies, diminishing in luminosity with distance from the centre. Forming around one sixth of M87's mass, the stars in this galaxy have a nearly spherically symmetric distribution, their density decreasing with increasing distance from the core. At the core is a supermassive black hole, which forms the primary component of an active galactic nucleus. This object is a strong source of multiwavelength radiation, particularly radio waves. M87's galactic envelope extends out to a radius of about 150 kiloparsecs (490,000 light-years), where it has been truncated—possibly by an encounter with another galaxy. Between the stars is a diffuse interstellar medium of gas that has been chemically enriched by elements emitted from evolved stars.


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Wikipedia

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