Elizabeth Holloway Marston
| Elizabeth Holloway Marston | |
|---|---|
| Born |
Elizabeth Holloway February 20, 1893 Isle of Man |
| Died | March 27, 1993 (aged 100) New York City |
| Nationality | American |
| Other names |
Sadie Holloway Beth |
| Education |
Mount Holyoke College (B.A. in Psychology 1915) Boston University School of Law (L.L.B., 1918) Radcliffe College (M.A. in Psychology 1921) |
| Occupation | Editor, author, lecturer |
| Known for | Involvement in the creation of Wonder Woman and the systolic blood-pressure test |
| Spouse(s) | William Moulton Marston |
| Partner(s) | Olive Byrne |
| Children | Pete & Olive Ann (Olive's children): Byrne & Donn & Fredericka |
Sadie Holloway
Elizabeth "Sadie" Holloway Marston (February 20, 1893 – March 27, 1993) was an American attorney and psychologist. She is credited both for partially inspiring the comic book character Wonder Woman and having been involved in the nature of the character's creation, with her husband, William Moulton Marston (pen name Charles Moulton) and his mistress, Olive Byrne. She also participated with Marston in the development of the systolic blood-pressure test used to detect deception.
Marston was born Elizabeth Holloway in the Isle of Man and raised in Boston, Massachusetts. As noted by Boston University, "In an era when few women earned higher degrees, Elizabeth received three." She received her BA in psychology from Mount Holyoke College in 1915 and would have liked to go on to join her then-fiance, William Marston, at Harvard Law School. However, according to an interview she gave to the New York Times in 1992, "Those dumb bunnies at Harvard wouldn't take women [...] so I went to Boston University." According to Marston's granddaughter, Susan Grupposo, when Marston asked her father to support her through law school, "He told her: 'Absolutely not. As long as I have money to keep you in aprons, you can stay home with your mother.' Undeterred, Holloway peddled cookbooks to the local ladies' clubs. She needed $100 for her tuition, and by the end of the summer she had it. She married Marston that September, but still she paid her own way." Marston received her LLB from the Boston University School of Law in 1918, and was "one of three women to graduate from the School of Law that year. [She later stated] 'I finished the [Massachusetts Bar] exam in nothing flat and had to go out and sit on the stairs waiting for Bill Marston and another Harvard man . . . to finish.'"
Both William and Elizabeth next joined the psychology department at Harvard. Because Harvard's doctoral program was restricted to men, Elizabeth was in the master's program at the neighboring Radcliffe College. Elizabeth worked with William on his dissertation, which concerned the correlation between blood pressure levels and deception. William later developed this into the systolic blood-pressure test used to detect deception that was the predecessor to the polygraph test.
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