Electoral systems of the Australian states and territories

The legislatures of the Australian states and territories all follow the Westminster model described in the Australian electoral system. When the Australian colonies were granted responsible government in the 19th century, their constitutions provided for legislative assemblies (lower houses) elected by the people from single-member constituencies, with all adult males able to vote. This was considerably more democratic than the system which existed in the United Kingdom at that time. To balance this democratic element, however, the legislative councils which had existed before responsible government were retained as upper houses, whose members were either nominated by the Governor or elected on a restricted franchise. This ensured that the upper houses were dominated by representatives of the wealthy. The Legislative Council of Queensland was abolished in 1922, while direct elections on a broad franchise were introduced for the Legislative Councils of the other States in the 20th century. The Parliaments of the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory consist of a single House, because they are governed directly by the federal government.

Elections in the Australian Capital Territory are conducted by the Australian Capital Territory Electoral Commission.

Elections in New South Wales are conducted by the New South Wales Electoral Commission as prescribed in the Constitution Act, 1902 (NSW).

The New South Wales Legislative Assembly has 93 members elected for four-year terms in single-member electoral districts. The method of election is optional preferential voting, (also known as instant run-off voting). The voting system is the same as for the federal House of Representatives except that New South Wales has optional preferential voting. This means that while voters may number every candidate if they wish, their vote is still formal if they choose not to. They may vote for one candidate only, or for as many candidates as they choose, provided that they number them in correct sequence.

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