Eihwaz

Name
	"yew"
Shape	Elder Futhark	Futhorc
Unicode	ᛇ U+16C7
Transliteration	ï	ēo
Transcription	ï	ēo
IPA	[æː](?)	[eːo]
Position in rune-row	13

Eiwaz or Eihaz (reconstructed *īhaz / *ēhaz or *īwaz / *ēwaz) was a Proto-Germanic word for "yew", and the reconstructed name of the rune ᛇ.

The rune survives in the Anglo-Saxon futhorc as ᛇ Ēoh "yew" (note that eoh "horse" has a short diphthong).

It is commonly transliterated as ï or æ, or, in reconstructions of Proto-Germanic, ē₂. Its phonetic value at the time of the invention of the Futhark (2nd century) was not necessarily a diphthong, but possibly a long vowel somewhere between [iː] and [eː] or [æː], continuing Proto-Indo-European language *ei.

Two variants of the word are reconstructed for Proto-Germanic, *īhaz (*ē₂haz, PIE *eikos), continued in Old English as ēoh (also īh), and *īwaz (*ē₂waz, Proto-Indo-European *eiwos), continued in Old English as īw (whence yew). The latter is possibly an early loan from the Celtic, compare Gaulish ivos, Old Irish ēo. The common spelling of the rune's name, "Eihwaz", combines the two variants; strictly based on the Old English evidence, a spelling "Eihaz" would be more proper.

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