Edward IV of England
| Edward IV | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| King of England (more...) | |
| 1st reign | 4 March 1461 – 3 October 1470 |
| Coronation | 28 June 1461 |
| Predecessor | Henry VI |
| Successor | Henry VI |
| 2nd reign | 11 April 1471 – 9 April 1483 |
| Predecessor | Henry VI |
| Successor | Edward V |
| Born |
28 April 1442 Rouen, Normandy |
| Died | 9 April 1483 (aged 40) Westminster, Middlesex, England |
| Burial | St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England |
| Spouse | Elizabeth Woodville |
| Issue among others |
Elizabeth of York Mary of York Cecily of York Edward V of England Margaret of York Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York Anne of York George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Bedford Catherine of York Bridget of York |
| House | York |
| Father | Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York |
| Mother | Cecily Neville, Duchess of York |
| Religion | Catholicism |
| Signature |  |
Edward IV (28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was the King of England from 4 March 1461 until 3 October 1470, and again from 11 April 1471 until his death in 1483. He was the first Yorkist King of England. The first half of his rule was marred by the violence associated with the Wars of the Roses, but he overcame the Lancastrian challenge to the throne at Tewkesbury in 1471 to reign in peace until his sudden death. Before becoming king, he was 4th Duke of York, 7th Earl of March, 5th Earl of Cambridge and 9th Earl of Ulster. He was also the 65th Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece.
Edward of York was born at Rouen in France, the second son of Richard, 3rd Duke of York (who had a strong genealogical claim to the throne of England), and Cecily Neville. He was the eldest of the four sons who survived to adulthood. He bore the title Earl of March before his father's death and his accession to the throne.
Edward's father Richard, Duke of York, had been heir to King Henry VI (reigned 1422-1461) until the birth of Henry's son Edward in 1453. Richard carried on a factional struggle with the king's Beaufort relatives. He established a dominant position after his victory at the First Battle of St Albans in 1455, in which his chief rival Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, was killed. However, Henry's Queen, Margaret of Anjou, rebuilt a powerful faction to oppose the Yorkists over the following years. In 1459 Margaret moved against the Duke of York and his principal supporters—his brother-in-law Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury, and Salisbury's son Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, who rose in revolt.
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