Sir Edward Clive Bayley KCSI CIE (17 October 1821 – 30 April 1884), was an Anglo-Indian civil servant, statesman and archæologist.
Bayley was the only son of Edward Clive Bayley, of Hope Hall, Eccles, Lancashire, and Margaret Fenton. He was born at St. Petersburg in October 1821, and educated at the East India Company College.
Bayley entered the Indian civil service in 1842, and served at Allahabad, Meerut, Bulandshahr, and Rohtak. On the annexation of the Punjab he was appointed deputy-commissioner at Gujarat in April 1849, and in November under-secretary to the government of India in the foreign department, under Sir Henry Elliot. Two years later he became deputy-commissioner of the Kangra district, but in 1854 was compelled by ill-health to take leave.
He studied law in England, and was called to the bar in 1857; he returned to India on the outbreak of the mutiny later that year. In September 1857 he was ordered to Allahabad, where he served as an under-secretary in Sir John Peter Grant's provisional government, and held various posts in that city during the next eighteen months. In 1859 he was appointed judge in the Fatehgarh Sahib district, and, after serving in a judicial capacity at Lucknow and Agra, was called to Calcutta by Lord Canning in May 1861, to fill the post of foreign secretary pending the arrival of Sir Henry Marion Durand.