Johann Eduard Reichenow (7 July 1883, Berlin – 23 March 1960, Wuppertal) was a German protozoologist. He was the son of ornithologist Anton Reichenow.
He studied natural sciences in Heidelberg, Berlin and Munich, and received his doctorate in 1908. After graduation he conducted research of protozoans at the Imperial Health Ministry in Berlin. From 1913 onward, he served as a government zoologist in Kamerun, where he did studies on the biology of the malaria pathogen. From 1916 to 1919 he conducted research at the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales in Madrid, and in 1921 was appointed director of the protozoology department at the Schiffs- und Tropenkrankheiten in Hamburg. During the same year, he received his habilitation from the University of Hamburg and in 1925 obtained the title of professor.
He was an editor of the journals: Zeitschrift für Tropenmedizin, the Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie and the Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde. The Eduard-Reichenow-Medaille is an award offered by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Protozoologie.
In 1932 Alfred Kahl named the protozoan genus Reichenowella (family Reichenowellidae) in his honor. His name is also associated with Plasmodium reichenowi, a malaria parasite of chimpanzees and gorillas, about which Reichenow was the first to document.