Dunfermline, Scotland
Dunfermline
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 Top: Dunfermline skyline. Middle left: Dunfermline High Street. Middle right: Dunfermline City Chambers. Bottom left- Carnegie Trust HQ Building, Pittencrieff Park. Bottom: Italian Garden, Pittencrieff Park. |
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 Dunfermline
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| Dunfermline shown within Fife | |
| Area | 7.07 sq mi (18.3 km2) |
| Population | 50,380 |
| • Density | 1,498/sq mi (578/km2) |
| Est. 71,820 | |
| Language | English, Scots |
| OS grid reference | NT105875 |
| • Edinburgh | 13 mi (21 km) |
| • London | 343 mi (552 km) |
| Council area | |
| Lieutenancy area | |
| Country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | DUNFERMLINE |
| Postcode district | KY11, KY12 |
| Dialling code | 01383 |
| Police | Scottish |
| Fire | Scottish |
| Ambulance | Scottish |
| EU Parliament | Scotland |
| UK Parliament | |
| Scottish Parliament | |
Dunfermline (
i/dʌnˈfɜːrmlᵻn/; Scots: Dunfaurlin, Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Phàrlain) is a town and former Royal Burgh, and parish, in Fife, Scotland, on high ground 3 miles (5 km) from the northern shore of the Firth of Forth. The 2011 census recorded the town's population at 49,706, however figures released in 2012 estimate Dunfermline's population as 50,380, making it the largest locality in Fife and the tenth largest in Scotland.
The earliest known settlements in the area around Dunfermline probably date as far back as the Neolithic period. The area was not regionally significant until at least the Bronze Age. The town was first recorded in the 11th century, with the marriage of Malcolm III, King of Scotland, and Saint Margaret at the church in Dunfermline. As his Queen consort, Margaret established a new church dedicated to the Holy Trinity, which evolved into an Abbey under their son, David I in 1128. Following the burial of Alexander I in 1160, the abbey graveyard confirmed its status as the burial place of Scotland's kings and queens up to and including Robert The Bruce in 1329.
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