*** Welcome to piglix ***

Doxycycline

Doxycycline
Doxycycline.svg
Doxycycline 3d structure.png
Clinical data
Pronunciation /ˌdɒksiˈsklin/
Trade names Doryx, Doxyhexal, Doxylin among others
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a682063
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: D
  • US: D (Evidence of risk)
Routes of
administration
by mouth, intravenous
ATC code J01AA02 (WHO) A01AB22 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
  • US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 100%
Protein binding 90%
Metabolism Hepatic
Biological half-life 15–25 hours
Excretion Urine (40%)
Identifiers
CAS Number 564-25-0 YesY
PubChem (CID) 11256
DrugBank DB00254 YesY
ChemSpider 10482106 YesY
UNII 334895S862 YesY
KEGG D00307 N
ChEBI CHEBI:60648 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1433 N
ECHA InfoCard 100.008.429
Chemical and physical data
Formula C22H24N2O8
Molar mass 444.43 g/mol
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
 NYesY (what is this?)  

Doxycycline is an antibiotic that is used in the treatment of a number of types of infections caused by bacteria and protozoa. It is useful for bacterial pneumonia, acne, chlamydia infections, early Lyme disease, cholera and syphilis. It is also useful for the treatment of malaria when used with quinine and for the prevention of malaria. Doxycycline can be used either by mouth or intravenously.

Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, a red rash, and an increased risk of a sunburn. If used during pregnancy or in young children may result in permanent problems with the teeth including changes in their color. Its use during breastfeeding is probably safe. Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the tetracycline class. Like other agents of this class it kills bacteria and protozoa by inhibiting protein production.

Doxycycline was patented in 1957 and came into commercial use in 1967. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. Doxycycline is available as a generic medicine and is generally inexpensive. The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 0.01 and 0.04 USD per pill. In the United States 10 days of treatment is about 14 USD, however some in 2014 were selling it for more than 3.00 to 10.00 USD per pill.

In addition to the general indications for all members of the tetracycline antibiotics group, doxycycline is frequently used to treat Lyme disease, chronic prostatitis, sinusitis, pelvic inflammatory disease,acne, rosacea, and rickettsial infections.


...
Wikipedia

...