Doeg the Edomite

Doeg (Hebrew: דּוֹיֵג‎‎ Dō’êḡ) was an Edomite, chief herdsman to Saul, King of Israel. He is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible book of First Samuel, chapters 21 and 22, where he is depicted as responsible for the deaths of a large number of priests.

After parting from Jonathan, David fled from Saul's jealous anger and went to Nob. He went to Ahimelech, the High Priest, claiming to be on a clandestine royal mission. Ahimelech fed David and his men with the showbread, and gave David the sword of Goliath. Doeg was present and witnessed Ahimelech's service to David. (1 Sam 21)

Later, Saul asked about the whereabouts of David, and his herdsman spoke up:

Therefore, Saul summoned the High Priest and his entire company and, in a rage, ordered them all killed. His officials refused to raise their hands against the priests and Saul turned to Doeg, who carried out the executions. Saul followed that up with an attack on the city of Nob, the city of the priests, and the families of the priests – men, women, and children – were put to the sword. Only Abiathar escaped, and fled to join David.

The death of Ahimelech, as the great-grandson of Eli, is seen as fulfilling part of the curse on the House of Eli that none of his male descendants would live to old age.

David later showed remorse for his part in the incident:

The heading above Psalm 52 records that David wrote it after Doeg the Edomite betrayed Ahimelech to Saul.

He is the subject of many rabbinical legends, the origin of which is to be found in part in Psalm 52.

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