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Demetre Cantemir

Dimitrie Cantemir
Dimitrie Cantemir - Portrait from Descriptio Moldaviae, 1716 (crop).jpg
Portrait of Dimitrie Cantemir from the first edition of Descriptio Moldaviae (1716)
Native name Dimitrie Cantemir
Born (1673-10-26)October 26, 1673
Silișteni (now Dimitrie Cantemir), Vaslui County
Died August 21, 1723(1723-08-21) (aged 49)
Dmitrovsk, Oryol Oblast
Resting place Three Holy Hierarchs Church, Iași
47°9′35″N 27°35′5″E / 47.15972°N 27.58472°E / 47.15972; 27.58472
Nationality Romanian
Occupation Encyclopedist, ethnographer, geographer, philosopher, historian, linguist, musicologist, composer
Notable work Divanul sau gâlceava înțeleptului cu lumea, Descriptio Moldaviae
Title Prince of Moldavia
Term March–April 1693
1710–1711
Predecessor Constantin Cantemir
Nicolae Mavrocordat
Successor Constantin Duca
Lupu Costachi
Spouse(s) Casandra Cantacuzino (m. 1699)
Anastasia Trubetskaia
Children Matei
Constantin
Șerban
Maria
Antioh
Smaragda
Parent(s) Constantin Cantemir
Ana Cantemir (née Bantaș)

Dimitrie or Demetrius Cantemir (Romanian pronunciation: [diˈmitri.e kanteˈmir]; 1673–1723), also known by other spellings, was a Moldavian soldier, statesman, and man of letters. He was twice voivode of Moldavia (March–April 1693 and 1710–1711). During his second term, he allied his state with Russia in their war against Moldavia's Ottoman overlords; Russia's defeat forced Cantemir's family into exile and the replacement of the native voivodes by the Greek phanariots. Cantemir was also a prolific writer, variously a philosopher, historian, composer, musicologist, linguist, ethnographer, and geographer. His son Antioch, Russia's ambassador to Great Britain and France and a friend of Montesquieu and Voltaire, would go on to be known as "the father of Russian poetry".

Dimitrie is the Romanian form of the name Latinized as Demetrius and, less often, anglicized as Demeter. The Russian form of his name was Dmitri Konstantinovich Kantemir (Дми́трий Константи́нович Кантеми́р). He is also known as Dimitri Kantemiroğlu in Turkish contexts, Dymitr Kantemir in Polish, and Dēmētrios Kantimērēs (Δημήτριος Καντιμήρης) in Greek.


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