Dehydroepiandrosterone
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| Trade names | Astenile, Cetovister, 17-Chetovis, Dastonil S, Deandros, Diandrone, Hormobago, 17-Hormoforin, 17-Ketovis, Mentalormon, Psicosterone |
| Routes of administration |
By mouth, intramuscular injection (as prasterone enanthate) |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 50% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic |
| Metabolites | • Androsterone • Etiocholanolone • DHEA sulfate • Androstenedione • Androstenediol • Testosterone • Androstanediol |
| Biological half-life |
DHEA: 25 minutes DHEA-S: 11 hours |
| Excretion | Urinary |
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| Synonyms | Androst-5-en-3β-ol-17-one; 3β-Hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one; 5,6-Didehydroepiandrosterone; Dehydroisoepiandrosterone |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.160 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C19H28O2 |
| Molar mass | 288.424 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | |
| Melting point | 148.5 °C (299.3 °F) |
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Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), also known as androstenolone, is an endogenous steroid hormone. It is the most abundant circulating steroid hormone in humans, in whom it is produced in the adrenal glands, the gonads, and the brain, where it functions predominantly as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the androgen and estrogen sex steroids. However, DHEA also has a variety of potential biological effects in its own right, binding to an array of nuclear and cell surface receptors, and acting as a neurosteroid.Exogenous dehydroepiandrosterone used as a medication is often called prasterone (INN).
In women with adrenal insufficiency and the healthy elderly there is insufficient evidence to support the use of DHEA.
DHEA is sometimes used as an androgen in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for menopause. A long-lasting ester prodrug of DHEA, prasterone enanthate, is used in combination with estradiol valerate for this indication.
DHEA is produced naturally in the human body, but the long-term effects of its use are largely unknown. In the short term, several studies have noted few adverse effects. In a study by Chang et al., DHEA was administered at a dose of 200 mg/day for 24 weeks with slight androgenic effects noted. Another study utilized a dose up to 400 mg/day for 8 weeks with few adverse events reported. A longer term study followed patients dosed with 50 mg of DHEA for 12 months with the number and severity of side effects reported to be small. Another study delivered a dose of 50 mg of DHEA for 10 months with no serious adverse events reported.
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