David Rioch

David McKenzie Rioch (July 6, 1900 – September 11, 1985) was a psychiatric research scientist and neuroanatomist, known as a pioneer in brain research and for leading the interdisciplinary neuropsychiatry division at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (1951–1970), a program that contributed to the formation of the then-nascent field of neuroscience.

W. Maxwell Cowan, Donald H. Harter, and Eric R. Kandel cited "the seminal roles played by David McKenzie Rioch, Francis O. Schmitt, and ... Stephen W. Kuffler in creating neuroscience as we now know it."

Rioch was born in Mussoorie, India, on July 6, 1900. His parents, David and Minnie, were Christian missionaries. He received a bachelor's degree from Butler College in 1920, after which he went on to receive a medical degree from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in 1924. He then trained in surgery at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, followed by the Strong Memorial Hospital. In 1928–9, he studied in the Laboratory of Comparative Neurology at the University of Michigan, under a fellowship from the National Research Council, where he began research on the anatomy of mammalian diencephalons, research that he continued in 1929 at Oxford University. In these studies, he demonstrated in detail for the first time how the forebrains of dogs and cats are more complex than those of rodents. Rioch was Associate Professor of Anatomy at Harvard Medical School from 1931–1938. He became Professor of Neurology and Chairman of the Department of Neuropsychiatry at the Washington University School of Medicine from 1938–1943. He also spent one year at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. In 1943, during World War II, he became Director of Research at the Chestnut Lodge psychiatric hospital in Rockville, Maryland, jointly with leading the Washington School of Psychiatry, positions he held until 1951.

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