David Hamilton (businessman)

David Hamilton (born David Zwingerman) (24 September 1923 – 10 February 2007) was a British businessman who escaped from Nazi Germany as a boy before the Second World War on the first Kindertransport ship to England. He subsequently made a fortune in real estate and fashion but worries over the possibility of another Holocaust caused him to place much of his money in a foundation in Liechtenstein, the division of which became a source of bitter legal wrangling after his death.

David Hamilton was born David Zwingerman in Berlin on 24 September 1923 to Abraham Zwingerman and Paula Vortefflisch. He was in Berlin at the time of the November 1938 pogrom when their synagogue at Markgraf-Albrecht-Strasse was burned. On 10 November 1938, Zwingerman and his younger friend Horst Löwenstein discovered 12 undamaged Torah scrolls which had been stored within the Torah ark and had been protected from the fire by its thick oak doors. Zwingerman later wrote to Hermann Simon that they took the scrolls into the street: "Nazis in uniform, supporters and onlookers, were on the steps, the sidewalk, and in the street ... I tried to hail a taxi and managed to get one. Luckily, the driver, a White Russian by birth, was willing to take the Torah scrolls". Zwingerman's mother arranged for the scrolls to be stored with a Jewish tea importer from England; they were later returned to the local congregation.

Elieser Ehrenreich (1883–1941, d. Ravensbrück) learned of the boys' actions and tried to make arrangements for them to leave Germany. David Zwingerman left on 2 December 1938 on the first Kindertransport to England. Ehrenreich wrote to the Department for Youth and Welfare in January 1939: "We have already written to you in support of the emigration of the two boys Horst Löwenstein and David Zwingerman, who committed an act of self-sacrifice in helping to save 12 Torah Scrolls .... Horst Löwenstein is still waiting for his final exit permit. We would be most grateful if this boy could also soon enjoy the benefits of being sent away". The permit apparently never came and Löwenstein died in Riga, Latvia, on 30 November 1941.

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