David Bruce (microbiologist)
| Major-General Sir David Bruce | |
|---|---|
David Bruce
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| Born | 29 May 1855 Melbourne, Australia |
| Died | 27 November 1931 (aged 76) London |
| Citizenship | British |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Fields | Microbiology |
| Alma mater | University of Edinburgh |
| Known for | trypanosome |
| Notable awards |
Royal Medal (1904) Leeuwenhoek Medal (1915) Buchanan Medal (1922) Albert Medal (1923) Manson Medal (1923) |
Major-General Sir David Bruce KCB FRS FRCP FRSE (29 May 1855 in Melbourne – 27 November 1931 in London) was a Scottish pathologist and microbiologist who investigated Malta fever (later called brucellosis in his honour) and African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in animals). He discovered the first protozoan parasite transmitted by insects, which was later named Trypanosoma brucei after him. Working in the Army Medical Service and the Royal Army Medical Corps, his major scientific collaborator was his microbiologist wife Mary Elizabeth Bruce (née Steele), with whom he published more than thirty technical papers.
Bruce was born in Melbourne, Australia to Scottish parents: engineer David Bruce (from Airth) and his wife Jane Russell Hamilton (from Stirling), who had emigrated to Australia in the gold rush of 1850. He was an only child. He returned with his family to Scotland at the age of five. They lived at 1 Victoria Square in Stirling. He was educated at Stirling High School and in 1869 began an apprenticeship in Manchester. However, a bout of pneumonia forced him to abandon this and re-assess his career. He then decided to study zoology but later changed to medicine at the University of Edinburgh in 1876. He graduated in 1881.
After a brief period as a general practitioner in Reigate, Surrey (1881–83), where he met and married his wife Mary, he entered the Army Medical School in Hampshire at the Royal Victoria Hospital, Netley. He qualified the military examination in 1883 and joined the Army Medical Services (and served till 1919). For his first post he joined the Royal Army Medical Corps in 1884 and was stationed in Valletta, Malta.
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