Dactinomycin

Dactinomycin

Clinical data
Trade names	Cosmegen
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682224
Pregnancy category	AU: D US: D (Evidence of risk)
Routes of administration	IV
ATC code	L01DA01 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only) CA: ℞-only UK: POM (Prescription only) US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	5%
Biological half-life	36 hours
Identifiers
IUPAC name 2-Amino-N,N′- bis[(6S,9R,10S,13R,18aS)-6,13-diisopropyl-2,5,9-trimethyl-1,4,7,11,14-pentaoxohexadecahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-i][1,4,7,10,13]oxatetraazacyclohexadecin-10-yl]-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-3H-phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide
Synonyms	Actinomycin D 2-Amino- 4,6-dimethyl- 3-oxo- 3H-phenoxazine- 1,9-dicarboxylic acid bis- [(5,12-diisopropyl- 9,13,16-trimethyl- 4,7,11,14,17-pentaoxo- hexadecahydro- 10-oxa- 3a,6,13,16-tetraaza- cyclopentacyclohexadecen- 8-yl)- amide]
CAS Number	50-76-0 Y
PubChem (CID)	2019
DrugBank	DB00970 N
ChemSpider	10482167 Y
UNII	1CC1JFE158 Y
KEGG	C06770 N
ChEBI	CHEBI:27666 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1554 Y
NIAID ChemDB	009885
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.058
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C62H86N12O16
Molar mass	1255.42 g/mol
InChI InChI=1S/C62H86N12O16/c1-27(2)42-59(84)73-23-17-19-36(73)57(82)69(13)25-38(75)71(15)48(29(5)6)61(86)88-33(11)44(55(80)65-42)67-53(78)35-22-21-31(9)51-46(35)64-47-40(41(63)50(77)32(10)52(47)90-51)54(79)68-45-34(12)89-62(87)49(30(7)8)72(16)39(76)26-70(14)58(83)37-20-18-24-74(37)60(85)43(28(3)4)66-56(45)81/h21-22,27-30,33-34,36-37,42-45,48-49H,17-20,23-26,63H2,1-16H3,(H,65,80)(H,66,81)(H,67,78)(H,68,79)/t33-,34-,36+,37+,42-,43-,44+,45+,48+,49+/m1/s1 Y Key:RJURFGZVJUQBHK-IIXSONLDSA-N Y
NY (what is this?)

Dactinomycin, also known as actinomycin D, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, trophoblastic neoplasm, testicular cancer, and certain types of ovarian cancer. It is given by injection into a vein.

Most people develop side effects. Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, vomiting, mouth ulcers, hair loss, liver problems, infections, and muscle pains. Other serious side effects include future cancers, allergic reactions, and tissue death at the site of injection. Use in pregnancy may harm the baby. Dactinomycin is in the cytotoxic antibiotic family of medications. It is believed to work by blocking the creation of RNA.

Dactinomycin was approved for medical use in the United States in 1964. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 24.73 USD per 500ucg vial. It is produced from bacteria of the Streptomyces type.

Actinomycin is a clear, yellow liquid administered intravenously and most commonly used in treatment of a variety of cancers, including: