Cusabo
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| (Extinct as a tribe) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| South Carolina, United States | |
| Languages | |
| Unknown | |
| Religion | |
| Traditional tribal religion | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Arawak (theorized) |
| Cusabo | |
|---|---|
| Region | Carolina |
| Extinct | 18th century |
|
unclassified
|
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 |
None (mis) |
| Glottolog | cusa1237 |
The Cusabo or Corsaboy were a group of historic Native American tribes who lived along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean in what is now South Carolina, approximately between present-day Charleston and south to the Savannah River, at the time of European encounter. English colonists often referred to them as one of the Settlement Indians of South Carolina, tribes who settled among the colonists.
Five of the groups were recorded by the settlers as having spoken a common language, although one distinctly different from the major language families known nearby, such as Algonquian, Iroquoian, Muskogean and Siouan. With the English settling on their land at Charleston beginning in the 17th century, the Cusabo developed a relationship of accommodation with the colony that persisted through the early 18th century. After the Yamasee War of 1712, surviving tribal members migrated to join the Creek or Catawba.
Subtribes of the Cusabo included the Ashepoo, Combahee, (also spelled Coosaw, Cussoe, or Kussoe; not the same people as the earlier Coosa chiefdom of the Mississippian culture in Georgia), Edisto (also spelled Edistow), Escamacu (also St. Helena Indians), Etiwan (also Irwan or Eutaw), Kiawah, Stono, Wando, Wappoo and Wimbee. Non-Cusabo Settlement Indians listed in a 1696 report include the Sewee and Santee.
Although in the 1930s anthropologist John Swanton theorized that the Cusabo may have spoken a form of the Muskogean language, more recent research disputes this. The language spoken by the Cusabo is virtually unknown and now extinct. It did not appear to be related to other known language families on the North American continent.
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