Cumberland Caverns
| Cumberland Caverns | |
|---|---|
| Higgenbotham Cave, Henshaw Cave | |
Cumberland Caverns - Three Chessmen
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| Location | McMinnville, Tennessee |
| Coordinates | 35°40′09″N 85°40′51″W / 35.66917°N 85.68083°WCoordinates: 35°40′09″N 85°40′51″W / 35.66917°N 85.68083°W |
| Length | 32 miles (51 km) |
| Discovery | 1810 by Aaron Higgenbotham |
| Geology | Monteagle Limestone |
| Entrances | 3 |
| List of entrances |
Higgenbotham Cave, Henshaw Cave, Onyx Curtain |
| Access | restricted |
| Show cave opened | 1956 |
| Lighting | electric |
| Website | cumberlandcaverns |
Cumberland Caverns is a national natural landmark and show cave located in McMinnville. It is the second longest cave in Tennessee and makes the list of longest caves in the United States and in the world.
The main entrance was discovered by Aaron Higgenbotham in 1810 while he was surveying the nearby Chickamauga Trail on Cardwell Mountain in what is now Warren County. According to legend, Higgenbotham was the first man to enter the cave and it was named Higgenbotham Cave in his honor. Another smaller cave, also located on Cardwell Mountain, was also discovered about this time and was named Henshaw Cave. Although not nearly as big as Higgenbotham Cave, Henshaw Cave proved to be a source of saltpeter (the main ingredient of gunpowder) and was operated as a saltpeter mine during perhaps both the War of 1812 and the Civil War.
Higgenbotham Cave became a favorite spot for local adventurers during the 19th century and groups would ride out to the entrance in hay wagons and make the strenuous trip to a point in the cave now known as the Ten Acre Room. In the days of the hay wagon parties, it was called the Big Room. Here, many visitors left their names and the date candled on the ceiling.
In the early 1940s, members of the National Speleological Society (NSS) began to explore Higgenbotham Cave. Within a decade, they had greatly increased the known extent of the cave. In 1953 a connection was discovered between Henshaw Cave and Higgenbotham Cave. This connection was named the Meatgrinder because of its small size and shape. Soon afterwards, some of these explorers leased the cave from its owner, Mr. Andy Powell, and developed it into a commercial cave. The cave opened under the name Cumberland Caverns on July 4, 1956 and has been open to the public since that time.
A portion of the Trail of Tears passes through Cumberland Caverns property. A walking trail is open to the public.
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Wikipedia